New York at $41^o\, N$ has .......... species and Greenland at $71^o\, N$ has ......... species.

The correct equation depicting the species-area relationship is:

Given below are two statements.
Statement-$I$: Availability of intense sunlight,warmer temperature and higher annual rainfall in the tropics are responsible for species richness of fruit-yielding trees.
Statement-$II$: The variety of frugivorous organisms is more in the tropics as compared to the temperate regions.
In light of the above statements,choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

According to the concept of species-area relations $-$

Biodiversity increases from

Approximately $25\%$ of all insects are known to be phytophagous (feeding on plant sap and other parts of plants).