Match the thermodynamic processes taking place in a system with the correct conditions. In the table: $\Delta Q$ is the heat supplied,$\Delta W$ is the work done and $\Delta U$ is change in internal energy of the system.

Process	Condition
$(I)$ Adiabatic	$(A) \Delta W = 0$
$(II)$ Isothermal	$(B) \Delta Q = 0$
$(III)$ Isochoric	$(C) \Delta U \neq 0, \Delta W \neq 0, \Delta Q \neq 0$
$(IV)$ Isobaric	$(D) \Delta U = 0$

Initial pressure and volume of a gas are $P$ and $V$ respectively. First,it is expanded isothermally to volume $4V$ and then compressed adiabatically to volume $V$. The final pressure of the gas will be

An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic thermodynamic process in different ways as shown in the corresponding $P-V$ diagrams in column $3$ of the table. Consider only the path from state $1$ to $2$. $W$ denotes the corresponding work done on the system. The equations and plots in the table have standard notations as used in thermodynamic processes. Here $\gamma$ is the ratio of heat capacities at constant pressure and constant volume. The number of moles in the gas is $n$.

Column $I$	Column $II$	Column $III$
$(I)$ $W_{1-2} = \frac{1}{\gamma-1}(P_2V_2 - P_1V_1)$	$(i)$ Isothermal	$(P)$ [Graph $P$]
$(II)$ $W_{1-2} = -P(V_2 - V_1)$	(ii) Isochoric	$(Q)$ [Graph $Q$]
$(III)$ $W_{1-2} = 0$	(iii) Isobaric	$(R)$ [Graph $R$]
$(IV)$ $W_{1-2} = -nRT \ln(\frac{V_2}{V_1})$	(iv) Adiabatic	$(S)$ [Graph $S$]

$(1)$ Which of the following options is the only correct representation of a process in which $\Delta U = \Delta Q - P \Delta V$?
$[A] (II) (iii) (P)$ $[B] (II) (iii) (R)$ $[C] (II) (iv) (S)$ $[D] (III) (iii) (P)$
$(2)$ Which one of the following options is the correct combination?
$[A] (III) (ii) (S)$ $[B] (II) (iv) (R)$ $[C] (II) (iv) (P)$ $[D] (IV) (ii) (S)$
$(3)$ Which one of the following options correctly represents a thermodynamic process that is used as a correction in the determination of the speed of sound in an ideal gas?
$[A] (III) (iv) (R)$ $[B] (I) (ii) (Q)$ $[C] (I) (iv) (Q)$ $[D] (I) (iv) (R)$

An ideal gas expands isothermally from volume $V_1$ to volume $V_2$. It is then compressed to the original volume $V_1$ adiabatically. If $p_1$ and $p_2$ represent the initial pressure and final pressure respectively,and $W$ represents the net work done by the gas during the entire process,then:

If one mole of an ideal gas at $(P_{1}, V_{1})$ is allowed to expand reversibly and isothermally ($A$ to $B$),its pressure is reduced to one-half of the original pressure (see figure). This is followed by a constant volume cooling till its pressure is reduced to one-fourth of the initial value $(B \rightarrow C)$. Then it is restored to its initial state by a reversible adiabatic compression ($C$ to $A$). The net work done by the gas is equal to ...... .

$10,000$ small balls,each of mass $1 \, g$,strike a surface of area $1 \, cm^2$ per second with a velocity of $100 \, m/s$ perpendicular to the surface. They rebound with the same velocity. What is the pressure exerted on the surface?