Match $List-I$ with $List-II$:
| | $List-I$ ($x-y$ graphs) | | $List-II$ (Situations) |
|---|---|---|---|
| $(a)$ | Damped oscillation graph | $(i)$ | Total mechanical energy is conserved |
| $(b)$ | Linear graph $y = -kx$ | $(ii)$ | Bob of a pendulum is oscillating under negligible air friction |
| $(c)$ | Simple harmonic motion graph | $(iii)$ | Restoring force of a spring |
| $(d)$ | Energy conservation graph ($K$.$E$. and $P$.$E$. curves) | $(iv)$ | Bob of a pendulum is oscillating along with air friction |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

$A$ system is oscillating with undamped simple harmonic motion. Then the

$A$ particle is executing $SHM$ with amplitude $A,$ time period $T,$ maximum acceleration $a_0$ and maximum velocity $v_0.$ It starts from the mean position at $t=0.$ At time $t,$ it has displacement $A/2,$ acceleration $a,$ and velocity $v.$ Then:

Two identical balls $A$ and $B$,each of mass $0.1 \ kg$,are attached to two identical massless springs. The spring-mass system is constrained to move inside a rigid smooth pipe bent in the form of a circle as shown in the figure. The pipe is fixed in a horizontal plane. The centers of the balls can move in a circle of radius $0.06 \ m$. Each spring has a natural length of $0.06\pi \ m$ and a force constant of $0.1 \ N/m$. Initially,both balls are displaced by an angle $\theta = \pi/6$ radian with respect to the diameter $PQ$ of the circle and released from rest. The frequency of oscillation of the ball $B$ is:

$Assertion :$ In simple harmonic motion,the velocity is maximum when the acceleration is minimum.
$Reason :$ Displacement and velocity of $S.H.M.$ differ in phase by $\frac{\pi }{2}$.

Phase space diagrams are useful tools in analyzing all kinds of dynamical problems. They are especially useful in studying the changes in motion as initial position and momentum are changed. Here we consider some simple dynamical systems in one-dimension. For such systems, phase space is a plane in which position is plotted along the horizontal axis and momentum is plotted along the vertical axis. The phase space diagram is the $x(t)$ vs. $p(t)$ curve in this plane. The arrow on the curve indicates the time flow. For example, the phase space diagram for a particle moving with constant velocity is a straight line as shown in the figure. We use the sign convention in which position or momentum upwards (or to the right) is positive and downwards (or to the left) is negative.
$1.$ The phase space diagram for a ball thrown vertically up from the ground is:
$2.$ The phase space diagram for simple harmonic motion is a circle centered at the origin. In the figure, the two circles represent the same oscillator but for different initial conditions, and $E_1$ and $E_2$ are the total mechanical energies respectively. Then:
$(A) E_1 = \sqrt{2} E_2$
$(B) E_1 = 2 E_2$
$(C) E_1 = 4 E_2$
$(D) E_1 = 16 E_2$
$3.$ Consider the spring-mass system, with the mass submerged in water, as shown in the figure. The phase space diagram for one cycle of this system is:
Give the answer for questions $1, 2,$ and $3.$