फलन का समाकलन कीजिए: $\tan ^{-1} \sqrt{\frac{1-x}{1+x}}$

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माना $I = \int \tan ^{-1} \sqrt{\frac{1-x}{1+x}} \, dx$.
$x = \cos \theta$ प्रतिस्थापित करने पर,$dx = -\sin \theta \, d\theta$ प्राप्त होता है।
अतः $I = \int \tan ^{-1} \sqrt{\frac{1-\cos \theta}{1+\cos \theta}} \cdot (-\sin \theta) \, d\theta$.
त्रिकोणमितीय सर्वसमिका $\frac{1-\cos \theta}{1+\cos \theta} = \tan^2 \frac{\theta}{2}$ का उपयोग करने पर:
$I = -\int \tan ^{-1} \left( \tan \frac{\theta}{2} \right) \sin \theta \, d\theta = -\int \frac{\theta}{2} \sin \theta \, d\theta$.
खंडशः समाकलन (Integration by parts) का उपयोग करने पर:
$I = -\frac{1}{2} \left[ \theta \int \sin \theta \, d\theta - \int \left( \frac{d}{d\theta} \theta \cdot \int \sin \theta \, d\theta \right) d\theta \right]$.
$I = -\frac{1}{2} [-\theta \cos \theta + \int \cos \theta \, d\theta] = -\frac{1}{2} [-\theta \cos \theta + \sin \theta] + C$.
$I = \frac{1}{2} \theta \cos \theta - \frac{1}{2} \sin \theta + C$.
चूंकि $\cos \theta = x$,इसलिए $\theta = \cos ^{-1} x$ और $\sin \theta = \sqrt{1-x^2}$ है।
अतः,$I = \frac{1}{2} x \cos ^{-1} x - \frac{1}{2} \sqrt{1-x^2} + C = \frac{1}{2} (x \cos ^{-1} x - \sqrt{1-x^2}) + C$.

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