Identify the product $P$ of the following reaction:
Ethanoyl chloride $\stackrel{H_2O}{\longrightarrow} P$

What are the organic products formed in the following reaction?
$C_6H_5-COOCH_3$ $\xrightarrow{1. LiAlH_4}$ $\xrightarrow{2. H_2O}$

Which one of the following esters gets hydrolysed most easily under alkaline conditions?

In the following reaction,$X$ and $Y$ respectively are:
$C_2H_5OH$ $\xrightarrow{KMnO_4 / H^+} X$ $\xrightarrow{C_2H_5OH / H_2SO_4, \Delta} CH_3COOC_2H_5$

The compounds that produce $CO_2$ with aqueous $NaHCO_3$ solution are:
$A$. Benzoic acid
$B$. Phenol
$C$. $2,4,6$-Trinitrophenol (Picric acid)
$D$. Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid
$E$. $4$-Methoxyphenol
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Explain the effect of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups on the acidic strength of benzoic acid with suitable examples.