Identify the compound that will react with Hinsberg's reagent to give a solid which dissolves in alkali.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion $(A)$ and the other is labelled as Reason $(R)$.
Assertion $(A)$: $\alpha$-halocarboxylic acid on reaction with dil. $NH_3$ gives good yield of $\alpha$-amino carboxylic acid whereas the yield of amines is very low when prepared from alkyl halides.
Reason $(R)$: Amino acids exist in zwitter ion form in aqueous medium.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Products $A$ and $B$ formed in the following reactions are respectively:
$p$-aminobenzenesulfonic acid + $HNO_2$ $\longrightarrow$ $A$ $\xrightarrow{C_6H_5NH_2}$ $B$

The product of the reaction $image \xrightarrow[{HCl}]{{NaNO_2}} (A)$ is:

In the following reaction,the product $(A)$ is:

Which of the following is the most basic substance?