| $\psi$ | $|\psi|^2$ |
| It is a wave function. | It represents the probability density of finding an electron at a point within an atom. |
| It does not have any direct physical meaning. | It has a direct physical meaning. |
| It is a mathematical function of the coordinates of the electron. | $|\psi|^2$ is proportional to the probability of finding an electron,representing electron density. |
| It can have positive or negative values. | It is always positive. |
| It is used to determine the energy levels of an electron,which are quantized. | It is used to determine the distribution and position of electrons,and the shape of orbitals. |
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