Give any two reasons why the patent on Basmati should not have gone to an American Company.

The aims and objectives of the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee $(GEAC)$ are:
$I$. To permit the use of genetically modified organisms and their products for commercial applications.
$II$. To adopt the procedures for restriction,production,and application of $GM$ organisms.
$III$. Approval to conduct large-scale field trials and release of transgenic crops into the environment.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

What could be the possible harm of using an antibiotic-resistant gene as a selectable marker in a plasmid,used for gene transfer in the production of $GM$ food?
$(A)$ $GM$ food contains the enzyme produced by the antibiotic resistance gene that was used during gene transfer in genetic engineering. This could cause allergies since it is a foreign protein.
$(B)$ The bacteria present in the alimentary canal of humans could take up the antibiotic resistance gene present in $GM$ food.
$(C)$ The bacteria in the human alimentary canal would then become resistant to the concerned antibiotic.
$(D)$ The transgene may be transferred through pollen to their wild relatives and make weeds more persistent and damaging.

Why is protection of traditional knowledge necessary?

Some multinational companies have exploited the traditional knowledge of the indigenous people to produce commercially important bioproducts,without their consent. This is an example of:

The exploitation of bioresources by multinational companies and other organizations without proper authorization from the concerned country and its people,or without compensatory payment,is known as .......