Four identical cells of emf E and internal re | vedclass

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(C) When $n$ identical cells,each of emf $E$ and internal resistance $r$,are connected in series,the total emf is $nE$ and the total internal resistan

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$2 E$ and $4 r$

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(C) When $n$ identical cells,each of emf $E$ and internal resistance $r$,are connected in series,the total emf is $nE$ and the total internal resistance is $nr$.If $m$ cells are connected with reversed polarity,the effective emf $E'$ is given by the formula:$E' = (n - 2m)E$Here,the total number of cells $n = 4$ and the number of wrongly connected cells $m = 1$.Substituting these values:$E' = (4 - 2 	imes 1)E = (4 - 2)E = 2E$The internal resistance of cells in series is additive regardless of their polarity. Therefore,the effective internal resistance $r_{eq}$ remains:$r_{eq} = n 	imes r = 4r$Thus,the equivalent emf is $2E$ and the effective internal resistance is $4r$.

Four identical cells of emf $E$ and internal resistance $r$ are to be connected in series. If one of the cells is connected wrongly,the equivalent emf and effective internal resistance of the combination are

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