Explain that how does an open ended tube manometer measure pressure.
Explain that how does an open ended tube manometer measure pressure.
An open tube manometer is a simple device.
By this device pressure of gas contained in closed container can be measured.
It consists of a $U$-tube containing a suitable liquid. One end of the tube is open to the atmosphere and other end is connected to the system whose pressure we want to measure.
Consider pressure at point $\mathrm{A}$ is $\mathrm{P}$.
The pressure $\mathrm{P}$ at $\mathrm{A}$ is equal to pressure at point $\mathrm{B}$.
$\mathrm{P}=\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{B}} \quad \therefore \mathrm{P}=\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{A}}=\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{B}}=\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{a}}+h \rho g$
hence $\mathrm{P}=\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{a}}+h \rho g$
$\ldots(2)$
where $P_{a}$ is atmospheric pressure.
$h=$ Height of mercury column from B.
$\rho=$ Density of liquid.
$P$ is the absolute pressure at given point.
$\mathrm{P}-\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{a}}$ or $h \rho g$ is gauge pressure.
Gauge pressure is proportional to the height of mercury in manometer.
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