Explain electrostatics of conductors. Explain the effects produced inside a metallic conductor placed in an external electric field.
Explain electrostatics of conductors. Explain the effects produced inside a metallic conductor placed in an external electric field.
In metallic conductors the charge carriers are electrons. In a metal the outer (valance) electrons part away from their atoms and are free to move.
These electrons are free from parent atom but not free to leave the metal. Hence, free electrons form a kind of 'gas'.
Free electron collide with each other and with the ions and move randomly in different directions.
In an external electric field they drift against the direction of the field and get deposited on the surface and an equal amount of positive charge can be considered as deposited on the surface (other end). This is shown in below figure.
The induced charges produce an electric field inside the conductor in the direction opposite to the external electric field.
When the external electric field and internal electric field become equal in magnitude the charges stop to deposit on the surface.
Similar Questions
Figure shows a solid conducting sphere of radius $1 m$, enclosed by a metallic shell of radius $3 \,m$ such that their centres coincide. If outer shell is given a charge of $6 \,\mu C$ and inner sphere is earthed, find magnitude charge on the surface of inner shell is ............. $\mu C$
Figure shows a solid conducting sphere of radius $1 m$, enclosed by a metallic shell of radius $3 \,m$ such that their centres coincide. If outer shell is given a charge of $6 \,\mu C$ and inner sphere is earthed, find magnitude charge on the surface of inner shell is ............. $\mu C$
A hollow conducting sphere is placed in an electric field produced by a point charge placed at $P$ as shown in figure. Let ${V_A},{V_B},{V_C}$ be the potentials at points $A,B$ and $C$ respectively. Then
A hollow conducting sphere is placed in an electric field produced by a point charge placed at $P$ as shown in figure. Let ${V_A},{V_B},{V_C}$ be the potentials at points $A,B$ and $C$ respectively. Then
A conducting sphere of radius $r$ has a charge. Then
A conducting sphere of radius $r$ has a charge. Then
Show that electrostatic potential is constant throughout the volume of the conductor and has the same value (as inside) on its surface.
Show that electrostatic potential is constant throughout the volume of the conductor and has the same value (as inside) on its surface.
Assertion : A metallic shield in form of a hollow shell may be built to block an electric field.
Reason : In a hollow spherical shield, the electric field inside it is zero at every point.
Assertion : A metallic shield in form of a hollow shell may be built to block an electric field.
Reason : In a hollow spherical shield, the electric field inside it is zero at every point.
- [AIIMS 2001]