| $1.$ Reaction rate | $S_{N}1$ depends only on the concentration of alkyl halides,whereas $S_{N}2$ depends on the concentration of both alkyl halides and nucleophiles. |
| $2.$ Order of reaction | $S_{N}1$ is a first-order reaction,while $S_{N}2$ is a second-order reaction. |
| $3.$ Nature of nucleophile | $S_{N}1$ is favored by weak nucleophiles,whereas $S_{N}2$ requires strong nucleophiles. |
| $4.$ Reactivity of alkyl halides | $S_{N}1$ reactivity order is $3^{\circ} > 2^{\circ} > 1^{\circ} > \text{Methyl}$,while $S_{N}2$ is $\text{Methyl} > 1^{\circ} > 2^{\circ} > 3^{\circ}$. |
| $5.$ Intermediate product | $S_{N}1$ involves a carbocation intermediate (rearrangement possible),while $S_{N}2$ proceeds through a pentavalent transition state with no intermediate. |
| $6.$ Nature of solvents | $S_{N}1$ is favored by polar protic solvents (e.g.,$H_{2}O, CH_{3}OH$),while $S_{N}2$ is favored by polar aprotic solvents (e.g.,$\text{DMSO}, (CH_{3})_{2}CO$). |
| $7.$ Stereochemistry | $S_{N}1$ causes partial racemization,whereas $S_{N}2$ always causes Walden inversion of configuration. |
Explore More
Vedclass Products
Mock tests in real JEE/NEET style with performance analysis. 5-day free trial.
Start Free TrialGenerate Set A/B/C/D exam papers from 7.5L+ questions in 2 minutes. 3 chapters free.
Try FreeLive online exams with unlimited students, 360° analytics & white-label branding.
See Demo