Consider the four surfaces S_1, S_2, S_3, and | vedclass

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(D) According to Gauss's Law,the total electric flux $\phi_E$ through any closed surface is given by $\phi_E = \frac{q_{enclosed}}{\epsilon_0}$.Since

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is equal for all surfaces

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(D) According to Gauss's Law,the total electric flux $\phi_E$ through any closed surface is given by $\phi_E = \frac{q_{enclosed}}{\epsilon_0}$.Since all surfaces $S_1, S_2, S_3,$ and $S_4$ enclose the same charge $q_1$,the electric flux through each surface is $\phi_E = \frac{q_1}{\epsilon_0}$.Therefore,the electric flux is independent of the shape and size of the Gaussian surface and is equal for all the given surfaces.

Consider the four surfaces $S_1, S_2, S_3,$ and $S_4$ enclosing the same charge $q_1$ as shown in the figure. Compare the electric flux through these surfaces.

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