Discuss the causes and effects of global warming. What measures need to be taken to control global warming?

(N/A) Global warming is defined as an increase in the average temperature of the Earth's surface.
Causes of global warming:
Global warming occurs due to the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere,such as $CO_2$,$CH_4$,and water vapour. These gases trap solar radiation reflected by the Earth. While this natural greenhouse effect is essential for survival,an excessive increase in these gases due to industrialization,burning of fossil fuels,and deforestation leads to global warming.
Effects of global warming:
Over the past three decades,the Earth's average temperature has increased by $0.6\,^{\circ}C$. This rise disrupts the natural water cycle,alters rainfall patterns,and changes precipitation levels. Furthermore,it causes the melting of polar ice caps and mountain glaciers,leading to a rise in sea levels and the subsequent inundation of coastal regions.
Control measures:
$1$. Reducing the use of fossil fuels.
$2$. Promoting the use of bio-fuels.
$3$. Improving energy efficiency.
$4$. Utilizing renewable energy sources such as $CNG$.
$5$. Reforestation (planting more trees).
$6$. Recycling materials to reduce waste and energy consumption.