(N/A) Consumptive use value refers to the direct utilization of biodiversity products that can be harvested and consumed by humans.
$1$. Food: Biodiversity provides a vast array of food sources including cereals (e.g.,wheat,rice),pulses,fruits,vegetables,and animal products.
$2$. Drugs and Medicines: Nature is a significant source of pharmaceuticals. More than $25\%$ of drugs sold worldwide are plant-derived. For example,morphine is obtained from Papaver somniferum,and quinine from Cinchona bark. Approximately $25,000$ plant species are used in traditional medicine.
$3$. Fuel: Wood and other plant biomass serve as primary sources of fuel for cooking and heating in many parts of the world.
$4$. Fiber: Plants provide essential fibers for clothing,paper,and construction,such as cotton,jute,and hemp.