A physical parameter a can be determined by measuring the parameters $b, c, d $ and $e $ using the relation $a =$ ${b^\alpha }{c^\beta }/{d^\gamma }{e^\delta }$. If the maximum errors in the measurement of $b, c, d$ and e are ${b_1}\%$, ${c_1}\%$, ${d_1}\%$ and ${e_1}\%$, then the maximum error in the value of a determined by the experiment is
(${b_1}\, + \,{c_1}\, + \,{d_1}\, + \,{e_1}$)$\%$
(${b_{1\,}}\, + \,{c_1}\, - \,{d_1}\, - \,{e_1}$)$\%$
($\alpha {b_1}\, + \,\beta {c_1}\, - \,\gamma {d_1}\, - \delta {e_1}$)$\%$
($\alpha {b_1} + \,\beta {c_1}\, + \,\gamma {d_1}\, + \,\delta {e_1}$)$\%$
A physical quantity $z$ depends on four observables $a,$ $b,$ $c$ and $d ,$ as $z =\frac{ a ^{2} b ^{\frac{2}{3}}}{\sqrt{ c } d ^{3}} .$ The percentage of error in the measurement of $a, b, c$ and $d$ are $2 \%, 1.5 \%, 4 \%$ and $2.5 \%$ respectively. The percentage of error in $z$ is$......\%$
The radius of a sphere is $(5.3 \pm 0.1) \,cm$. The percentage error in its volume is
If $x=10.0 \pm 0.1$ and $y=10.0 \pm 0.1$, then $2 x-2 y$ is equal to
Two resistors of resistances $R_1 = (100 \pm 3) \,\Omega $ and $R_2 = (200 \pm 4)$ are connected in series. The maximm absolute error and percentage error in equivalent resistance of the series combination is
A physical quantity $Q$ is found to depend on quantities $a, b, c$ by the relation $Q=\frac{a^4 b^3}{c^2}$. The percentage error in $a$, $b$ and $c$ are $3 \%, 4 \%$ and $5 \%$ respectively. Then, the percentage error in $\mathrm{Q}$ is :