$A$ particle of mass $1 \ kg$ is subjected to a force which depends on the position as $\vec{F} = -k(x \hat{i} + y \hat{j}) \ N$ with $k = 1 \ kg \ s^{-2}$. At time $t = 0$,the particle's position is $\vec{r} = (\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \hat{i} + \sqrt{2} \hat{j}) \ m$ and its velocity is $\vec{v} = (-\sqrt{2} \hat{i} + \sqrt{2} \hat{j} + \frac{2}{\pi} \hat{k}) \ m \ s^{-1}$. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ denote the $x$ and $y$ components of the particle's velocity,respectively. Ignore gravity. When $z = 0.5 \ m$,the value of $(x v_y - y v_x)$ is . . . . . $m^2 \ s^{-1}$.

If the mass of the Earth is kept constant and its radius is reduced to half, then the duration of the day will become ........ $hr$.

$A$ space station consists of two living modules attached to a central hub on opposite sides by long corridors of equal length $L$. Each living module contains $N$ astronauts of equal mass $m$. The mass of the space station structure is negligible compared to the mass of the astronauts,and the size of the central hub and living modules is negligible compared to the length of the corridors. Initially,the space station is rotating with angular velocity $\omega$ such that the astronauts feel an artificial gravitational field of strength $g = \omega^2 L$. Two astronauts,one from each module,move into the central hub. The remaining astronauts now feel an artificial gravitational field of strength $g'$. What is the ratio $g'/g$ in terms of $N$?

$A$ thin circular ring of mass $M$ and radius $r$ is rotating with a constant angular velocity $\omega$. Two particles,each of mass $m$,are attached to the opposite ends of a diameter of the ring. The new angular velocity of the ring will be:

State and explain the law of conservation of angular momentum.

$A$ solid sphere is rotating freely about its symmetry axis in free space. The radius of the sphere is increased keeping its mass same. Which of the following physical quantities would remain constant for the sphere $?$