$A$ particle has an initial velocity $(3\hat{i} + 4\hat{j})$ and an acceleration of $(0.4\hat{i} + 0.3\hat{j})$. Its speed after $10\,s$ is:

If at any point on the path of a projectile its velocity is $u$ at an inclination $\alpha$ to the horizontal,then after what time will it move at right angles to its former direction?

Motion in two dimensions in a plane can be studied by expressing position,velocity,and acceleration as vectors in Cartesian coordinates $\vec{A} = A_{x} \hat{i} + A_{y} \hat{j}$,where $\hat{i}$ and $\hat{j}$ are unit vectors along $x$ and $y$ directions,respectively,and $A_{x}$ and $A_{y}$ are corresponding components of $\vec{A}$. Motion can also be studied by expressing vectors in circular polar coordinates as $\vec{A} = A_{r} \hat{r} + A_{\theta} \hat{\theta}$,where $\hat{r} = \cos \theta \hat{i} + \sin \theta \hat{j}$ and $\hat{\theta} = -\sin \theta \hat{i} + \cos \theta \hat{j}$ are unit vectors along the directions in which $r$ and $\theta$ are increasing.
$(a)$ Express $\hat{i}$ and $\hat{j}$ in terms of $\hat{r}$ and $\hat{\theta}$.
$(b)$ Show that both $\hat{r}$ and $\hat{\theta}$ are unit vectors and are perpendicular to each other.
$(c)$ Show that $\frac{d}{dt}(\hat{r}) = \omega \hat{\theta}$,where $\omega = \frac{d\theta}{dt}$ and $\frac{d}{dt}(\hat{\theta}) = -\omega \hat{r}$.
$(d)$ For a particle moving along a spiral given by $\vec{r} = a\theta \hat{r}$,where $a = 1$ (unit),find the dimensions of $a$.
$(e)$ Find velocity and acceleration in polar vector representation for a particle moving along the spiral described in $(d)$ above.

$A$ projectile crosses two walls of equal height $H$ symmetrically as shown. If the horizontal distance between the two walls is $d = 120\, m$ and the times at which the projectile crosses the walls are $t_1 = 2\, s$ and $t_2 = 6\, s$,then the range of the projectile is ........ $m$.

$A$ hill is $500 \, m$ high. Supplies are to be sent across the hill,using a cannon that can hurl packets at a speed of $125 \, m/s$ over the hill. The cannon is located at a distance of $800 \, m$ from the foot of the hill and can be moved on the ground at a speed of $2 \, m/s$; so that its distance from the hill can be adjusted. What is the shortest time in which a packet can reach the ground on the other side of the hill? Take $g = 10 \, m/s^2$.

$A$ car starts from rest and accelerates at $5 \, m/s^{2}$. At $t=4 \, s$,a ball is dropped out of a window by a person sitting in the car. What is the velocity and acceleration of the ball at $t=6 \, s$? (Take $g = 10 \, m/s^{2}$)