$A$ massless rod is suspended by two identical strings $AB$ and $CD$ of equal length. $A$ block of mass $m$ is suspended from point $O$ such that $BO$ is equal to $x$. Further,it is observed that the frequency of the $1^{st}$ harmonic (fundamental frequency) in $AB$ is equal to the $2^{nd}$ harmonic frequency in $CD$. Then,the length of $BO$ is:

Following are expressions for four plane simple harmonic waves:
$(i) \, y_1 = A \cos 2\pi \left( n_1 t + \frac{x}{\lambda_1} \right)$
$(ii) \, y_2 = A \cos 2\pi \left( n_1 t + \frac{x}{\lambda_1} + \frac{1}{2} \right)$
$(iii) \, y_3 = A \cos 2\pi \left( n_2 t + \frac{x}{\lambda_2} \right)$
$(iv) \, y_4 = A \cos 2\pi \left( n_2 t - \frac{x}{\lambda_2} \right)$
The pairs of waves which will produce destructive interference and stationary waves respectively in a medium are:

$A$ wave is travelling along a string. At an instant,the shape of the string is as shown in the figure. At this instant,point $A$ is moving upwards. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Fill in the blanks:
$(i)$ If the fundamental frequency of a given closed pipe is $50 \ Hz$,then the frequency for the second overtone is ...... .
$(ii)$ The speed of sound in air at $STP$ is ...... .
$(iii)$ In the case of sound waves,in order to experience beats quite clearly,the value of the beat frequency $|f_1 - f_2|$ should not be greater than ...... .

If a microwave and an ultrasonic sound wave have the same wavelength, the ratio of their frequencies is approximately:

$Assertion :$ Sound waves cannot travel in vacuum but light can travel in vacuum.
$Reason :$ Sound waves are longitudinal waves and they cannot be polarised but electromagnetic waves are transverse and they can be polarised.