(B) When the iron rod is inserted into the inductor,the magnetic permeability of the core increases,which in turn increases the self-inductance $(L)$ of the coil.
The inductive reactance of the coil is given by $X_L = \omega L$. As $L$ increases,the inductive reactance $X_L$ also increases.
The total impedance of the series circuit is $Z = \sqrt{R^2 + X_L^2}$,where $R$ is the resistance of the bulb. As $X_L$ increases,the total impedance $Z$ of the circuit increases.
Since the source voltage $V$ is constant,the current in the circuit $I = V/Z$ decreases.
The glow of the light bulb depends on the power dissipated,$P = I^2 R$. Since the current $I$ decreases,the power dissipated in the bulb decreases,and therefore,the glow of the light bulb decreases.