$A$ block of ice at $-12^{\circ} C$ is slowly heated and converted into steam at $100^{\circ} C$. Which of the following curves best represents the event?

$A$ cylinder of mass $1\,kg$ is given heat of $20000\,J$ at atmospheric pressure. If the initial temperature of the cylinder is $20\,^oC$,then the work done by the cylinder will be .......$J$. (Given: Specific heat of cylinder $= 400\,J\,kg^{-1}\,^oC^{-1}$,Coefficient of volume expansion $= 9 \times 10^{-5}\,^oC^{-1}$,Atmospheric pressure $= 10^5\,N/m^2$,and density of cylinder $= 9000\,kg/m^3$)

$A$ pellet of mass $m$ and specific heat capacity $c$ fired from an air gun hits a steel plate with speed $v$. During the impact,$50\%$ of the pellet's kinetic energy is converted to thermal energy in it. The rise in the temperature of the pellet is

The surface of the lake is at $2^{\circ} C$. The temperature of the bottom of the lake is ....... $^{\circ} C$.

$A$ bullet of mass $5\, g$,travelling with a speed of $210\, m/s$,strikes a fixed wooden target. One half of its kinetic energy is converted into heat in the bullet while the other half is converted into heat in the wood. The rise of temperature of the bullet if the specific heat of its material is $0.030\, cal/(g \cdot ^{\circ}C)$ $(1\, cal = 4.2 \times 10^{7}\, ergs)$ is close to $.......^{\circ}C$.

The heat required to change $1 \,kg$ of ice at $-8^{\circ} C$ into water at $20^{\circ} C$ at $1 \,atm$ of pressure is closest to .............$\,kJ$. (Assume that ice has a specific heat capacity $2.1 \,kJ / kg \cdot K$,water has a specific heat capacity $4.2 \,kJ / kg \cdot K$,and the latent heat of fusion of ice is $333 \,kJ / kg$.)