What is the product formed when phenol is treated with excess bromine water?

The carbon-oxygen bond in phenol is slightly stronger than that in methanol. Why?

The reaction sequence is as follows:
$Catechol \xrightarrow{(i) CHCl_3 + KOH}{(ii) CH_2I_2 + NaOH} [X]$
Here $[X]$ is:

The reaction of phenol with benzoyl chloride to give phenyl benzoate is known as

The reactivity of compound $Z$ with different halogens under appropriate conditions is given below:
(Image of reaction: $Z$ ($3$-tert-butylphenol) reacts with $X_2$ to give mono-halo derivative for $X_2 = I_2$,di-halo for $X_2 = Br_2$,and tri-halo for $X_2 = Cl_2$)
The observed pattern of electrophilic substitution can be explained by:
$A$. The steric effect of the halogen
$B$. The steric effect of the tert-butyl group
$C$. The electronic effect of the phenolic group
$D$. The electronic effect of the tert-butyl group

Which of the following reactions is not an electrophilic substitution reaction?