$A$ black body at $227^{\circ}C$ radiates heat at the rate of $20 \, cal \, m^{-2} \, s^{-1}$. When its temperature is raised to $727^{\circ}C$,the rate of heat radiation will be $x \, cal \, m^{-2} \, s^{-1}$. Find $x$.

The temperature of a body is increased from $27\,^{\circ}C$ to $127\,^{\circ}C$. The radiation emitted by it increases by a factor of:

The value of Stefan's constant is

Assuming the sun to be a spherical body of radius $R$ at a temperature of $T \ K$,evaluate the total radiant power incident on Earth at a distance $r$ from the sun (where the radius of the Earth is $r_0$).

Two identical bodies have temperatures $277^{\circ} C$ and $67^{\circ} C$. If the surroundings temperature is $27^{\circ} C$, the ratio of loss of heats of the two bodies during the same interval of time is (approximately) (in $ : 1$)

Two spheres $P$ and $Q$ have the same emissivity and radii $8 \ cm$ and $2 \ cm$ respectively. They are maintained at temperatures $127^{\circ}C$ and $527^{\circ}C$ respectively. Find the ratio of the radiant energy emitted by $P$ to that by $Q$.