$S -$ Statement: Melanoma is a type of carcinoma.
$R -$ Reason: It is a cancer caused by the abnormal growth of epithelial tissue cells.

• A
  Both $S$ and $R$ are true,and $R$ is the correct explanation of $S$.
• B
  Both $S$ and $R$ are true,but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $S$.
• C
  $S$ is true and $R$ is false.
• D
  $S$ is false and $R$ is true.