Identify the correct statement from the given options.

  • A
    Fitness is the end result of the ability to adapt and be selected by nature.
  • B
    All mammals except whales and camels have seven cervical vertebrae.
  • C
    Mutation is random and directional.
  • D
    Darwinian variations are small and directionless.

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Identify the correct statement from the given options.

Assertion: From an evolutionary point of view,the human gestation period is believed to be shortening.
Reason: One major evolutionary trend in humans has been the larger head undergoing a relatively faster growth rate in the foetal stage.

Assertion $A$: Organisms show variations to adapt and utilize the environment to the maximum extent.
Reason $R$: Variations lead to the formation of new species.
Which option is correct for Assertion $A$ and Reason $R$?

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