Aerobic respiration produces ......... energy from glucose. (in $kcal$)

$A$: Four $ATP$ molecules are produced directly during glycolysis.
$R$: Substrate level phosphorylation occurs at two steps for a glucose broken down in mitochondrial matrix.

What is the number of oxygen molecules required for the aerobic oxidation of one molecule of pyruvate (in $.5$)?

Select the correct statements from the following:
$I-$ During respiration,plants take in $CO_2$ and release $O_2$.
$II-$ The surface of most cells in plants is in contact with air.
$III-$ The loose arrangement of parenchyma cells in leaves,stems,and roots creates a network of air spaces.
$IV-$ The energy released during respiration is stored in the form of $ATP$.
$V-$ Glucose is oxidized to release energy in only a single step.

The lactic acid generated during muscle contraction is converted to glycogen in

Distinguish between the following: (Any two)
$(a)$ Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
$(b)$ Glycolysis and Fermentation
$(c)$ Glycolysis and Citric acid Cycle