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(B) Erwin Chargaff observed that in $DNA$,the amount of Adenine $(A)$ is always equal to the amount of Thymine $(T)$,and the amount of Guanine $(G)$ i

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Erwin Chargaff

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(B) Erwin Chargaff observed that in $DNA$,the amount of Adenine $(A)$ is always equal to the amount of Thymine $(T)$,and the amount of Guanine $(G)$ is always equal to the amount of Cytosine $(C)$.This is known as Chargaff's rule,which states that the ratio of $A+G$ to $T+C$ is $1$,or more specifically,the base pairing rules are $A=T$ and $G=C$.These observations were crucial for Watson and Crick to propose the double-helical structure of $DNA$.

Column $I$	Column $II$
$(A) 5386$ nucleotides	$(p) E. coli$
$(B) 48502$ bp	$(q) \text{Man}$
$(C) 4.6 \times 10^6$ bp	$(r) \text{Drosophila}$
$(D) 3.3 \times 10^9$ bp	$(s) \phi \times 174 \text{ bacteriophage}$
	$(t) \text{Bacteriophage lambda}$

Which scientist's observations were the basis for the rule that the ratio between Adenine and Thymine,and Guanine and Cytosine in $DNA$ remains constant and equal to one another?

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