Which of the following processes occurs at a | vedclass

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(B) Primary succession is a very slow process that begins on bare,lifeless areas (e.g.,bare rock) where no soil exists. It takes a long time for soil

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Secondary succession

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(B) Primary succession is a very slow process that begins on bare,lifeless areas (e.g.,bare rock) where no soil exists. It takes a long time for soil to form and for pioneer species to colonize.Secondary succession occurs in areas where a previously existing community has been cleared by a disturbance (e.g.,fire,flood,or deforestation) but soil remains intact. Because soil and nutrients are already present,the process of recolonization is significantly faster than primary succession.Evolution is a biological process occurring over geological time scales,which is much slower than ecological succession.Therefore,secondary succession occurs at a faster rate compared to primary succession and evolution.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$a$. Carbon dissolved in oceans	$i$. $55$ billion tons
$b$. Annual fixation of carbon through photosynthesis	$ii$. $71 \%$
$c$. $PAR$ captured by plants	$iii$. $4 \times 10^{13} \ kg$
$d$. Productivity of oceans	$iv$. $2$ to $10 \%$

Which of the following processes occurs at a faster rate?

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