Explain the Bravais lattices with examples and characteristics.

The $14$ Bravais lattices are the distinct spatial arrangements of points in a crystal lattice that maintain the symmetry of the unit cell.
They are classified into $7$ crystal systems based on the parameters of the unit cell ($a, b, c$ and $\alpha, \beta, \gamma$).
$1$. Cubic: $a=b=c, \alpha=\beta=\gamma=90^{\circ}$ (e.g.,$NaCl$).
$2$. Tetragonal: $a=b\neq c, \alpha=\beta=\gamma=90^{\circ}$ (e.g.,$SnO_2$).
$3$. Orthorhombic: $a\neq b\neq c, \alpha=\beta=\gamma=90^{\circ}$ (e.g.,$KNO_3$).
$4$. Hexagonal: $a=b\neq c, \alpha=\beta=90^{\circ}, \gamma=120^{\circ}$ (e.g.,$ZnO$).
$5$. Rhombohedral: $a=b=c, \alpha=\beta=\gamma\neq 90^{\circ}$ (e.g.,$CaCO_3$).
$6$. Monoclinic: $a\neq b\neq c, \alpha=\gamma=90^{\circ}, \beta\neq 90^{\circ}$ (e.g.,$Monoclinic \ S$).
$7$. Triclinic: $a\neq b\neq c, \alpha\neq \beta\neq \gamma\neq 90^{\circ}$ (e.g.,$K_2Cr_2O_7$).