CH_3-CH_2-CH(Br)-CH_3 xrightarrow{Alc. KOH} X | vedclass

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(D) In the first reaction,$2-bromobutane$ reacts with alcoholic $KOH$ to undergo dehydrohalogenation via an $E2$ mechanism. According to Zaitsev's rul

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trans-$2-butene$,$1-butene$

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(D) In the first reaction,$2-bromobutane$ reacts with alcoholic $KOH$ to undergo dehydrohalogenation via an $E2$ mechanism. According to Zaitsev's rule,the more substituted alkene is the major product. Since trans-$2-butene$ is more stable than cis-$2-butene$,$(X)$ is trans-$2-butene$. In the second reaction,the quaternary ammonium salt undergoes Hofmann elimination. According to Hofmann's rule,the less substituted alkene is the major product due to steric hindrance. Thus,$(Y)$ is $1-butene$.

$CH_3-CH_2-CH(Br)-CH_3 \xrightarrow{Alc. KOH} X$ (major)
$CH_3-CH_2-CH(NMe_3^+) - CH_3 \xrightarrow{EtONa, \Delta} Y$ (major)
Product $(X)$ and $(Y)$ respectively are:

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$CH_3-CH_2-CH(Br)-CH_3 \xrightarrow{Alc. KOH} X$ (major) $CH_3-CH_2-CH(NMe_3^+) - CH_3 \xrightarrow{EtONa, \Delta} Y$ (major) Product $(X)$ and $(Y)$ respectively are: