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(B) In genetic engineering,$Escherichia \ coli$ $(E. \ coli)$ is widely used as a host organism for cloning and expression of recombinant $DNA$ due to

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Escherichia and Agrobacterium

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(B) In genetic engineering,$Escherichia \ coli$ $(E. \ coli)$ is widely used as a host organism for cloning and expression of recombinant $DNA$ due to its well-studied genome and rapid growth. $Agrobacterium \ tumefaciens$ is extensively used as a natural genetic engineer in plants because it can transfer its $T-DNA$ into the host plant genome,causing crown gall disease. By modifying this $T-DNA$,scientists use it as a vector to introduce desired genes into plants. Therefore,the correct answer is $Escherichia$ and $Agrobacterium$.

The two bacteria found to be very useful in genetic engineering experiments are .............. .

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