“Heat cannot by itself flow from a body at lower temperature to a body at higher temperature” is a statement or consequence of

On a hot day,a cup full of ice water placed on a table heats up,while a cup of hot tea on the same table cools down. Explain the reason.

One mole of an ideal gas at $300 \ K$ in thermal contact with surroundings expands isothermally from $1.0 \ L$ to $2.0 \ L$ against a constant external pressure of $3.0 \ atm$. In this process,the change in entropy of the surroundings $(\Delta S_{\text{surr}})$ in $J \ K^{-1}$ is $(1 \ L \ atm = 101.3 \ J)$.

Find the change in the entropy in the following process: $100 \, g$ of ice at $0^{\circ}C$ melts when dropped in a bucket of water at $50^{\circ}C$. (Assume the temperature of the water does not change). The result is in $cal/K$.

$A$ measure of the degree of disorder of a system is known as

State the Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics.