You are given benzene,conc. $H_2SO_4$ and $NaOH$. Write the equations for the preparation of phenol using these reagents.
(N/A) $1.$ Sulfonation of benzene: $C_6H_6 + conc. H_2SO_4 \xrightarrow{\Delta} C_6H_5SO_3H + H_2O$
$2.$ Fusion with sodium hydroxide: $C_6H_5SO_3H + 2NaOH \xrightarrow{\Delta} C_6H_5ONa + Na_2SO_3 + H_2O$
$3.$ Acidification: $C_6H_5ONa + H^+ \rightarrow C_6H_5OH + Na^+$
(Note: $H_2SO_4$ can also be used for the final acidification step instead of $HCl$ or $H^+$).
$2.$ Fusion with sodium hydroxide: $C_6H_5SO_3H + 2NaOH \xrightarrow{\Delta} C_6H_5ONa + Na_2SO_3 + H_2O$
$3.$ Acidification: $C_6H_5ONa + H^+ \rightarrow C_6H_5OH + Na^+$
(Note: $H_2SO_4$ can also be used for the final acidification step instead of $HCl$ or $H^+$).
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