| Intrinsic semiconductor | Extrinsic semiconductor |
| $(1)$ It is a pure tetravalent crystal. | $(1)$ It is a tetravalent crystal doped with impurities from the $III$ or $V$ group of the periodic table. |
| $(2)$ Its electrical conductivity is low. | $(2)$ Its electrical conductivity is high. |
| $(3)$ Its electrical conductivity depends only on temperature. | $(3)$ Its electrical conductivity depends on temperature and the amount of doping impurity. |
| $(4)$ At a given temperature, the number of free electrons equals the number of holes: $n_{e} = n_{h}$. | $(4)$ In $n$-type, $n_{e} > n_{h}$; in $p$-type, $n_{e} < n_{h}$. |
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