Write the characteristics of electromagnetic waves.
(N/A) The characteristics of electromagnetic waves are as follows:
$(1)$ In electromagnetic waves,the electric field and magnetic field are perpendicular to each other as well as perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
$(2)$ Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature. If a plane electromagnetic wave propagates in the $z$-direction,the electric field $E_{x}$ oscillates in the $x$-direction and the magnetic field $B_{y}$ oscillates in the $y$-direction. They vary according to a sine function.
$(3)$ The mathematical representation is:
$E_{x} = E_{0} \sin(kz - \omega t)$
$B_{y} = B_{0} \sin(kz - \omega t)$
Thus,$\vec{E} = E_{0} \sin(kz - \omega t) \hat{i}$ and $\vec{B} = B_{0} \sin(kz - \omega t) \hat{j}$.
$(4)$ The speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum is given by $c = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu_{0} \epsilon_{0}}}$,where $c = \frac{\omega}{k}$.
$(5)$ Electromagnetic waves do not require any material medium for propagation; they can travel through a vacuum.
$(1)$ In electromagnetic waves,the electric field and magnetic field are perpendicular to each other as well as perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
$(2)$ Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature. If a plane electromagnetic wave propagates in the $z$-direction,the electric field $E_{x}$ oscillates in the $x$-direction and the magnetic field $B_{y}$ oscillates in the $y$-direction. They vary according to a sine function.
$(3)$ The mathematical representation is:
$E_{x} = E_{0} \sin(kz - \omega t)$
$B_{y} = B_{0} \sin(kz - \omega t)$
Thus,$\vec{E} = E_{0} \sin(kz - \omega t) \hat{i}$ and $\vec{B} = B_{0} \sin(kz - \omega t) \hat{j}$.
$(4)$ The speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum is given by $c = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu_{0} \epsilon_{0}}}$,where $c = \frac{\omega}{k}$.
$(5)$ Electromagnetic waves do not require any material medium for propagation; they can travel through a vacuum.
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Similar Questions
Which of the following is not transported by electromagnetic waves?
Easy
View Solution$A$ plane $EM$ wave travelling in vacuum along $z$-direction is given by $\vec E = E_0 \sin(kz - \omega t) \hat i$ and $\vec B = B_0 \sin(kz - \omega t) \hat j$.
$(i)$ Evaluate $\int \vec E \cdot d\vec l$ over the rectangular loop $1234$ shown in the figure.
$(ii)$ Evaluate $\int \vec B \cdot d\vec s$ over the surface bounded by loop $1234$.
$(iii)$ Use $\int \vec E \cdot d\vec l = -\frac{d\phi_E}{dt}$ to prove $\frac{E_0}{B_0} = c$.
$(iv)$ By using a similar process and the equation $\int \vec B \cdot d\vec l = \mu_0 I + \mu_0 \epsilon_0 \frac{d\phi_E}{dt}$,prove that $c = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu_0 \epsilon_0}}$.
$(i)$ Evaluate $\int \vec E \cdot d\vec l$ over the rectangular loop $1234$ shown in the figure.
$(ii)$ Evaluate $\int \vec B \cdot d\vec s$ over the surface bounded by loop $1234$.
$(iii)$ Use $\int \vec E \cdot d\vec l = -\frac{d\phi_E}{dt}$ to prove $\frac{E_0}{B_0} = c$.
$(iv)$ By using a similar process and the equation $\int \vec B \cdot d\vec l = \mu_0 I + \mu_0 \epsilon_0 \frac{d\phi_E}{dt}$,prove that $c = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu_0 \epsilon_0}}$.
Difficult
View SolutionIf the amplitude of the magnetic field component of an electromagnetic wave in vacuum is $B_m = 510 \, nT$,then the amplitude of the electric field component of the wave is ......
Easy
View SolutionFor a plane electromagnetic wave,the magnetic field at a point $x$ and time $t$ is $\overrightarrow{ B }( x , t ) = [1.2 \times 10^{-7} \sin (0.5 \times 10^{3} x + 1.5 \times 10^{11} t) \hat{ k }] \text{ T}$. The instantaneous electric field $\overrightarrow{ E }$ corresponding to $\overrightarrow{ B }$ is: (speed of light $c = 3 \times 10^{8} \text{ m/s}$)
The electric and the magnetic field,associated with an electromagnetic wave propagating along the $+z$-axis,can be represented by
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