Why does the boundary between the liquid phase and the gaseous phase disappear upon heating a liquid up to the critical temperature in a closed vessel? In this situation,what will be the state of the substance?

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(N/A) Below the critical temperature in a closed vessel,the surface of separation (meniscus) between the liquid and its vapour is clearly visible.
As the temperature approaches the critical point,the density of the liquid decreases due to expansion,and the density of the vapour increases due to compression.
At the critical temperature,the densities of the liquid and the vapour become equal,and the surface of separation disappears. The liquid and gaseous states are no longer distinguishable.
The fluid,which is now a homogeneous mixture,is called a supercritical fluid. Any fluid above its critical temperature and pressure is referred to as a supercritical fluid.
Supercritical fluids are used for the extraction of organic substances. For example,$CO_{2}$ above $31.1^{\circ}C$ and above $73.8 \ bar$ pressure has a density of about $1 \ g/cm^{3}$. It is used to dissolve caffeine from coffee beans as a safer alternative to chlorofluorocarbons.

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Gases possess characteristic critical temperature which depends upon the magnitude of intermolecular forces between the gas particles. Critical temperatures of ammonia and carbon dioxide are $405.5 \ K$ and $304.10 \ K$ respectively. Which of these gases will liquefy first when you start cooling from $500 \ K$ to their critical temperature?

What will be the phase of $CO_2$ at critical pressure $P_C$ and temperatures of $13.1^{\circ}C$,$31.5^{\circ}C$,$50^{\circ}C$,and $30.98^{\circ}C$?

Isotherms of carbon dioxide at various temperatures are represented in the figure. Answer the following questions based on this figure.
$(i)$ In which state will $CO_2$ exist between the points $a$ and $b$ at temperature $T_1$?
$(ii)$ At what point will $CO_2$ start liquefying when temperature is $T_1$?
$(iii)$ At what point will $CO_2$ be completely liquefied when temperature is $T_2$?
$(iv)$ Will condensation take place when the temperature is $T_3$?
$(v)$ What portion of the isotherm at $T_1$ represents liquid and gaseous $CO_2$ at equilibrium?

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Explain how liquefaction can occur in different steps within the same phase using an example.

Four gas cylinders containing $He$,$N_2$,$CO_2$ and $NH_3$ gases separately are gradually cooled from a temperature of $500 \ K$. Which gas will liquefy first?
(Given $T_C$ in $K - He: 5.3, N_2: 126, CO_2: 304.1$ and $NH_3: 405.5$)

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