Which organism infects tobacco root and decreases its yield?

The toxin produced by the gene of $Bacillus \text{ } thuringiensis$ is effective against which of the following?

Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of production of genetically modified crops.

According to $NCERT$ text,which Indian plants have either been patented or attempts have been made to patent them by Western nations for their commercial use?
$I.$ Basmati rice
$II.$ Neem
$III.$ Turmeric
$IV.$ Tulsi

The toxin proteins isolated from $Bacillus$ $thuringiensis$,coded by which of the following genes would control cotton bollworms and corn borer,respectively?

Explain with the help of one example how genetically modified plants can:
$(a)$ Reduce usage of chemical pesticides.
$(b)$ Enhance nutritional value of food crops.