Which one of the following has the maximum ac | vedclass

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(A) The acid strength of substituted benzoic acids is influenced by the electronic effects of the substituents. $1$. The $-NO_2$ group is a strong ele

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$o-$nitrobenzoic acid

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(A) The acid strength of substituted benzoic acids is influenced by the electronic effects of the substituents. $1$. The $-NO_2$ group is a strong electron-withdrawing group ($-I$ and $-M$ effects),which increases the acidity of benzoic acid by stabilizing the carboxylate anion. $2$. $o-$nitrobenzoic acid exhibits the ortho-effect,which significantly enhances its acidity compared to the meta and para isomers. $3$. Among the given options,$o-$nitrobenzoic acid has the highest acid strength due to the combined effect of the $-I$ effect and the ortho-effect. $4$. $p-$nitrophenol is a phenol,which is significantly less acidic than carboxylic acids. Therefore,the correct order of acidity is $o-$nitrobenzoic acid > $p-$nitrobenzoic acid > $m-$nitrobenzoic acid > $p-$nitrophenol.

Which one of the following has the maximum acid strength?

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