Which one is the most acidic compound?

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(C) The acidity of phenols depends on the stability of the phenoxide ion formed after the loss of a proton. Electron-withdrawing groups ($-I$ and $-M$

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$2,4,6$-Trinitrophenol (Picric acid)

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(C) The acidity of phenols depends on the stability of the phenoxide ion formed after the loss of a proton. Electron-withdrawing groups ($-I$ and $-M$ effects) increase acidity by stabilizing the phenoxide ion,while electron-donating groups (like $-CH_3$) decrease acidity.$1$. $2,4,6$-Trinitrophenol has three $-NO_2$ groups,which exert strong $-I$ and $-M$ effects,making it the most acidic.$2$. $p$-Nitrophenol has one $-NO_2$ group,which is acidic but less than picric acid.$3$. Phenol has no substituent.$4$. $p$-Cresol has a $-CH_3$ group,which is electron-donating ($+I$ and hyperconjugation),making it the least acidic.Therefore,the order of acidity is: $2,4,6$-Trinitrophenol > $p$-Nitrophenol > Phenol > $p$-Cresol.

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