Which of the following reactions defines $\Delta H_f^o$?

  • A
    $C_{(diamond)} + O_{2(g)} \to CO_{2(g)}$
  • B
    $\frac{1}{2} H_{2(g)} + \frac{1}{2} F_{2(g)} \to HF_{(g)}$
  • C
    $N_{2(g)} + 3 H_{2(g)} \to 2 NH_{3(g)}$
  • D
    $CO_{(g)} + \frac{1}{2} O_{2(g)} \to CO_{2(g)}$

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Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the reaction,$C_2H_5OH_{(\ell)} + 3O_{2_{(g)}} \rightarrow 2CO_{2_{(g)}} + 3H_2O_{(\ell)}$. Given: $\Delta_{f}H^{\circ}(C_2H_5OH) = -280 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$,$\Delta_{f}H^{\circ}(CO_2) = -390 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$,and $\Delta_{f}H^{\circ}(H_2O) = -285 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$.

At $298 \, K$,the bond energies of $C-H, C-C, C=C$,and $H-H$ are $414, 347, 615$,and $435 \, kJ \, mol^{-1}$ respectively. What will be the enthalpy change for the reaction ${H_2}C=CH_{2(g)} + H_{2(g)} \to H_3C-CH_{3(g)}$ at $298 \, K$ in $kJ \, mol^{-1}$?

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The enthalpy change for the conversion of $\frac{1}{2} Cl_{2(g)}$ to $Cl^{-}_{(aq)}$ is $......$ $kJ \, mol^{-1}$ (Nearest integer).
Given:
$\Delta_{dis}H^{\circ}_{Cl_{2(g)}} = 240 \, kJ \, mol^{-1}$
$\Delta_{eg}H^{\circ}_{Cl_{(g)}} = -350 \, kJ \, mol^{-1}$
$\Delta_{hyd}H^{\circ}_{Cl^{-(g)}} = -380 \, kJ \, mol^{-1}$

If the enthalpies of combustion of benzene $(l)$,carbon $(s)$,and hydrogen $(g)$ are $Q_1$,$Q_2$,and $Q_3$ respectively,what will be the enthalpy of formation of benzene?

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Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of $ICl_{(g)}$ based on the following reactions. The standard states of iodine and chlorine are $I_{2(s)}$ and $Cl_{2(g)}$ respectively.
$(i)$ $Cl_{2(g)} = 2Cl_{(g)}$,$\Delta H = 242.3 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}$
$(ii)$ $I_{2(g)} = 2I_{(g)}$,$\Delta H = 151.0 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}$
$(iii)$ $ICl_{(g)} = I_{(g)} + Cl_{(g)}$,$\Delta H = 211.3 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}$
$(iv)$ $I_{2(s)} = I_{2(g)}$,$\Delta H = 62.76 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}$
Result in $\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$:

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