Which of the following shows whorled phyllotaxy?

Which pair of the following plants represents the condition of modification of stipules into spines?

When leaves bear flowers or inflorescences in their axils,they are called:

Which of the following two are the resultant of stipule modifications?
$I$. Spines in $Ziziphus$.
$II$. Tendrils in $Smilax$.
$III$. Tendrils in $Nepenthes$.
$IV$. Spines in $Argemone$.
$V$. Thorns in $Bougainvillea$.

Phyllode is present in

Which tissue constitutes the pulvinus of a leaf?