Which of the following represents an excited state of an atom?

  • A
    $[Ne] 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^8$
  • B
    $[Ne] 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1 3d^5$
  • C
    $[Ne] 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^1$
  • D
    $1s^2 2s^2 2p^5 3s^1$

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In the ground state,an element has $13$ electrons in the $M$ shell. The element is

How does the orbital energy change as the nuclear charge increases from $Ne$ to $Ca$?

The quantum numbers of six electrons are given below. Arrange them in order of increasing energy. If any of these combinations have the same energy,list them:
$(1)$ $n = 4, l = 2, m_l = 2, m_s = -1/2$
$(2)$ $n = 3, l = 2, m_l = 1, m_s = +1/2$
$(3)$ $n = 4, l = 1, m_l = 0, m_s = +1/2$
$(4)$ $n = 3, l = 2, m_l = -2, m_s = -1/2$
$(5)$ $n = 3, l = 1, m_l = -1, m_s = +1/2$
$(6)$ $n = 4, l = 1, m_l = 0, m_s = +1/2$

The rule which states that an electron enters the sub-shell for which the $(n + l)$ value is minimum is known as:

The magnetic quantum number is related to:

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