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(D) The thermal energy $U$ produced in a resistor of resistance $R$ in a given time $t$ is given by Joule's law of heating: $U = i^2 Rt$.Since $R$ and

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$d$

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(D) The thermal energy $U$ produced in a resistor of resistance $R$ in a given time $t$ is given by Joule's law of heating: $U = i^2 Rt$.Since $R$ and $t$ are constants,we have $U \propto i^2$.This relationship represents a parabola opening upwards along the $U$-axis.Among the given plots,the curve $d$ represents a parabolic variation where $U$ increases more rapidly as $i$ increases,which is consistent with the $U \propto i^2$ relationship.Therefore,the correct plot is $d$.

Which of the following plots may represent the thermal energy produced in a resistor in a given time as a function of the electric current?

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