Which of the following plants develop characters of xerophytes?

Why do high altitude areas have brighter sunlight and lower temperatures compared to the plains?

Match the types of animals in Column-$I$ with their adaptations in Column-$II$:

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$i$. Eurythermal	$a$. Can tolerate only a narrow range of salinity
$ii$. Stenothermal	$b$. Can tolerate a wide range of temperature
$iii$. Euryhaline	$c$. Can tolerate a wide range of salinity
$iv$. Stenohaline	$d$. Can tolerate only a narrow range of temperature

Tropical dense forests are due to

Write a short note on:
$(a)$ Adaptations of desert plants and animals
$(b)$ Adaptations of plants to water scarcity
$(c)$ Behavioural adaptations in animals
$(d)$ Importance of light to plants
$(e)$ Effect of temperature or water scarcity and the adaptations of animals.

Phytoplanktons are found in which of the following shallow water region zones?