Which of the following is the outermost shell for elements of period $2$?

$(a)$ Predict which of the following will form anions and which will form cations:
$(i)$ $Na$ $(ii)$ $Al$ $(iii)$ $Cl$ $(iv)$ $O$
$(b)$ Name two elements that are inert.

Which of the following statement$(s)$ about the Modern Periodic Table are incorrect?
$(i)$ The elements in the Modern Periodic Table are arranged on the basis of their decreasing atomic number.
$(ii)$ The elements in the Modern Periodic Table are arranged on the basis of their increasing atomic masses.
$(iii)$ Isotopes are placed in adjoining group$(s)$ in the Periodic Table.
$(iv)$ The elements in the Modern Periodic Table are arranged on the basis of their increasing atomic number.

Mention any two trends exhibited by elements when we go from left to right across the period of the periodic table.

The position of some elements $A, B, C, D, E, F$ and $G$ in the Modern Periodic Table is given as under:

Group $\to$	$16$	$17$	$18$
Period $1$			$A$
Period $2$	$B$	$C$	$D$
Period $3$	$E$	$F$	$G$

$(a)$ In which group are inert elements placed?
$(b)$ What type of ions would $B, C, E,$ and $F$ form?
$(c)$ Which element would have chemical properties similar to $C$?
$(d)$ How many shells would $A$ have?
$(e)$ What is the similarity between $A$ and $D$?
$(f)$ Identify the most abundant element in the earth's crust.

$(a)$ Name the element with atomic number $17$.
$(b)$ To which period does it belong?
$(c)$ To which group does it belong?
$(d)$ Write its electronic configuration.