Which of the following is most acidic?

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(A) The acidity of phenols increases with the presence of electron-withdrawing groups $(-NO_2)$ on the benzene ring due to the $-I$ and $-M$ effects.P

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

Picric acid

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The acidity of phenols increases with the presence of electron-withdrawing groups $(-NO_2)$ on the benzene ring due to the $-I$ and $-M$ effects.Picric acid ($2,4,6-$trinitrophenol) contains three $-NO_2$ groups at the $ortho$ and $para$ positions,which exert a strong electron-withdrawing effect,significantly stabilizing the phenoxide ion.Comparing the options:$1$. Picric acid ($3$ $-NO_2$ groups)$2$. $o,p-$dinitrophenol ($2$ $-NO_2$ groups)$3$. $p-$nitrophenol ($1$ $-NO_2$ group)$4$. $m-$nitrophenol ($1$ $-NO_2$ group)Therefore,Picric acid is the most acidic.

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