Which of the following discoveries resulted in a Nobel Prize?

In a nuclide,one $a.m.u.$ of mass is dissipated into energy to bind its nucleons. The energy equivalent of this mass is

$A$ conducting ring is placed around the core of an electromagnet as shown in the figure. When key $K$ is pressed,the ring

An archaeologist analyses the wood in a prehistoric structure and finds that the ratio of ${C^{14}}$ (half-life $= 5700 \, years$) to ${C^{12}}$ is only one-fourth of that found in the cells of living plants. The age of the wood is about ........ $years$.

An atomic power nuclear reactor can deliver $300\, MW$. The energy released due to fission of each nucleus of a uranium atom ${U^{238}}$ is $170\, MeV$. The number of uranium atoms fissioned per hour will be

$X$-rays are used in: