Which of the following compounds undergoes su | vedclass

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(D) Sulfonation is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The rate of this reaction depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Gro

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Toluene

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(D) Sulfonation is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The rate of this reaction depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Groups that donate electrons to the ring (activating groups) increase the electron density,making the ring more reactive towards electrophiles. $Toluene$ $(C_6H_5CH_3)$ contains a methyl group $(-CH_3)$,which is an electron-donating group due to the $+I$ effect and hyperconjugation. $Benzene$ has no substituent. $Nitrobenzene$ $(-NO_2)$ and $Benzoic$ $acid$ $(-COOH)$ contain electron-withdrawing groups,which deactivate the ring. Therefore,$Toluene$ undergoes sulfonation most easily.

Which of the following compounds undergoes sulfonation most easily?

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