Which of the following carboxylic acids has t | vedclass

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Question

(A) The $pK_{a}$ value is inversely proportional to the acidity of the carboxylic acid. Stronger acids have lower $pK_{a}$ values.Acidity is determine

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$NO_{2}CH_{2}COOH$

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(A) The $pK_{a}$ value is inversely proportional to the acidity of the carboxylic acid. Stronger acids have lower $pK_{a}$ values.Acidity is determined by the stability of the conjugate base (carboxylate ion).Electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) stabilize the carboxylate ion through the inductive effect ($-I$ effect),thereby increasing acidity.Comparing the substituents:$1$. $NO_{2}CH_{2}COOH$: The $-NO_{2}$ group is a strong electron-withdrawing group ($-I$ effect),which significantly stabilizes the carboxylate ion.$2$. $CH_{3}COOH$: The $-CH_{3}$ group is an electron-donating group ($+I$ effect),which destabilizes the carboxylate ion.$3$. $HCOOH$: Hydrogen has no inductive effect.$4$. $C_{6}H_{5}COOH$: The phenyl group is electron-withdrawing by resonance but less effective than the $-NO_{2}$ group in this context.Therefore,$NO_{2}CH_{2}COOH$ is the strongest acid among the given options and has the lowest $pK_{a}$ value.

Which of the following carboxylic acids has the least $pK_{a}$ value?

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