Which statement is correct for genes located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes?

Mendel's law of segregation is applicable to

$A$- Independent pair of chromosomes segregate independently of each other.
$R$- One pair of genes segregates independently of another pair.

Which of the following laws was discovered first by Mendel?

Which one of the following can be explained on the basis of Mendel's Law of Dominance?
$A$. Out of one pair of factors one is dominant and the other is recessive.
$B$. Alleles do not show any expression and both the characters appear as such in $F_2$ generation.
$C$. Factors occur in pairs in normal diploid plants.
$D$. The discrete unit controlling a particular character is called factor.
$E$. The expression of only one of the parental characters is found in a monohybrid cross.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Mendel's laws are valid for: